Third Sphere · AGM · October 8, 2026

Speedstrapping

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Third Sphere · AGM 2026
v1.20

Third Sphere · AGM · October 8, 2026

Speedstrapping

AI, climate, our portfolio and what comes next

First, the obvious

Yes, we're going to talk about big blobs of compute.

Get it out of the way up front. Nobody is surprised; the point is that it frames every question about our portfolio and our model.

“I'd find something else to do.”

Michael Moritz, former chairman of Sequoia, asked if he'd be a VC today. October 2026.

Let the quote land. The answer to the question he was asked is the rest of this talk: who we are, what's different, and why speedstrapping is the version of venture that still works.

Agenda

  1. Who we are, and why we're different
  2. 13 questions on the AI build-out
  3. Changes to how we invest
  4. Speedstrap, the book!

Third Sphere

We forge new paths for those reimagining global systems.

Twelve years. 100+ seed investments in climate. Speedstrapping as plan A since Fund IV.

Thesis evolution · 2014 to today

Hard-won lessons in building for the physical world.

Pilot2014Most large opportunitiesinvolve hardware.Fund II2016A hardware fundraising playbook,built with BMW at URBAN-X.Fund III2019Avoid zombie unicornswith non-dilutive capital.Fund IV2022Speedstrapping codified.Now it is a book.

Why hardware needs different underwriting

Not all hardware is the same. Complexity and customization stack risk.

Risk we underwrite well New frontier, AI-unlocked Risks override: avoid, or special structure
More complexity

Standardized complex

newly viable

Platform-based complex

newly viable

Complex product systems

traditional nuclear · none in the portfolio

🐉

Mass produced, complex

Nevoya · EVOLOH · Furno

Platform-based systems

Near Space Labs · Fire Dome · Waste*d

Complex-custom

newly viable

Simple, mass-produced

Future Motion · Plentify · Thalo

Simple, mass-customized

Revivn · Wonderfil · Renewell

Small-batch

newly viable

More customization

The team

Twelve years in. The most common thing we hear is that we're different.

Shaun Abrahamson
VC

1 exit, 20 years seed investing

MIT · The Economist startup.com

Los Angeles
Stonly Baptiste
VC

6x founder, 2 exits

Impact Capital Managers board

San Francisco
Miela Mayer
VC

Bain, Bloomberg NEF, Yale

Leads CreditDB.ai

San Francisco
Yana Andrea Klimova
CFO · Platform

Unreasonable Group, Wellington, Merrill Lynch

Boston
Roscel Asuncion
Platform

Induja, Athena

Manila
TS Robots
Platform

Deal scoring · Fundraising introductions · Deal pipeline

Everywhere
Alumni and Fellows
Extended network

Alphabet/X · Amazon · World Bank · JP Morgan · Lyft

LSE · Harvard · Stanford · Berkeley · UChicago

Top 2% of pre-seed investors on NFX Signal in nine categories: Hardware #6 of 529 · Climate #5 of 1,662 · Deep Tech #3 of 828 · Energy #3 of 673 · Manufacturing #7 of 458 · Impact #3 of 520 · Transportation #4 of 657 · Real Estate #4 of 968 · DTC #4 of 288. Oct 1, 2026.

Off the clock

We build, race, fight, and climb on the weekends.

Boxing A night climb by headlamp under a full moon The race car, covered in portfolio decals

Impact · 2025 portfolio report

Measured on the top 24 companies.

45.7M tonnes
CO2e avoided, lifetime · about 10 million cars off the road for a year
300M+ people
protected from climate risk · de-duplicated across companies
How impact is measured
mitigation, CO2e avoidedadaptation, people protectedboth
Bits and atoms
hardware and softwaresoftware or services
Credit that isn't venture debt
54%

Most use revenue-based finance, equipment, project or asset-backed lending. None use venture debt.

Source: 2025 Third Sphere Portfolio Impact Report, Q1 2026. Activity data × emission factor; protected population from deployments × coverage.

Stanford case study
thirdsphere.com/stanford-case

The AI build-out

We know it's big, but what does it mean?

1%2%3%Average annual investment, share of US GDP2.4%Railroads1865–18901.1%Electrification1905–19251.6%Interstate highways1956–19730.8%Telecom and fiber1996–20032.8%AI build-out · projected2025–2032Van Nieuwerburgh, Financing the AI Buildout (Columbia Business School, Mar 2026) · AI figure is the 2025–2032 projection

The AI build-out

Head-on AI looks like one thing. The structure only shows when you walk around it.

Third Sphere logo sculpture, three-quarter view

Section 2 · the deep dive

Thirteen questions about the AI build-out

Where value goes · Q1

If switching is free, where's the moat?

What made switching expensiveWith agentsDatamigrationDatamigrationIntegrationsIntegrationsRetrainingusersRetrainingusersRebuildingworkflowsRebuildingworkflowsContractsand complianceContractsand compliancewhat is leftAgents migrate the data, wire the integrations,retrain the user, rebuild the workflow.Lock-in is not a moat any more, even for a system of record.

Where value goes · Q1

If switching is free, where's the moat?

Trustand brandAttentionand distributionRegulationand licensingConstrained accessand supply chainPhysical-world data

Where value goes · Q1 · the answer

Nevoya: use automation to navigate supply chain and operational complexity to create a stand-out brand.

WHAT A CHEAPER MODEL DOES NOT COME WITHOwn truckselectric freight,its own fleetOwn dataevery load, routeand bid it runsOwn automationrouting and bidding,built on that dataMore revenuewithout addingtrucks

Where value goes · Q2

If attention is scarce, what does a brand look like?

Where attention went2023: cheap, anonymous, now full of slopOutbound emailSEO contentPaid acquisitionLinkedIn automationWhere trust lives nownamed, public, accountable, verifiableA founder building in publicX, Instagram, podcasts, in personReference customersAssets you can go and seeA lender who underwrote the contracts

Where value goes · Q2 · the answer

SwellCycle: a brand is an authentic person plus proof.

Posts fromthe garageto see what resonatesSurfboard video seriestakes off~100,000 viewsLocal news picksit upSeymour Centercallsblue whale skeleton, bid athird below CNC foamKai Lenny DMs fora boardno marketing budgetAttention: a named person, posting the real workProof: a museum contract and a pro rider, both verifiable

From the Speedstrap case study (Ch 12).

Where value goes · Q3

Falling costs always drove adoption. Never this fast. What should we expect in five to ten years?

Starting price10×100×1,000×1 million×1 billion×1 trillion×0102030405060708090Years since the price started fallingCost, relative to where each one startedElectricity1892–1973Lithium batteries1991–2024DNA sequencing2001–22Compute1940–2001AI2021–26~13× cheaper every yearEpoch AI (CC-BY), redrawn; inflation-adjusted. AI line: 47% per quarter (2023–26 estimates), extrapolated back to 2021. Compute stops in 2001 (no newer data).

Where value goes · Q3 · the answer

ReynKo: replace the wind tunnel with near-free generative AI tests.

INTELLIGENCE AT CLOSE TO ZERO COSTThe wind tunnelslow, costly,a handful of runsReynKogenerative AIruns the testNear-free teststhousands of runsfor the cost of oneWhat it unlocksefficient aircraft toweather modification

Where value goes · Q4

How fast does it diffuse?

Capability: what AI can doAdoption: what teams usepaced by trust, habits, regulationThe gapthe opportunity:whoever closes itHow much AITime →Illustrative · after Akshay Kothari (@akothari), redrawn

Where value goes · Q4 · the answer

Cove: the client never adopts AI. They get the benefits anyway.

The clienta developerwith a projectTHE SAME INTERFACEPeoplethe same client managerDocumentsdrawings, contracts, permitsModelsthe building, in their formatsCovethe architecture firm,run on AIFaster · Cheaper · Betterwhat the client noticesTHE AI STACK COVE MAKESAgentsWorkflowsIts own tooling

Where value goes · Q5

Where does the value land?

2025 AI venture dollars, $211B, by layerone of every two venture dollars worldwide went to AIFoundation model labs42%$87BAI infrastructure19%data labeling, cloud, chipsAI applications15%software: health, security, …Robotics~7%~$14BDefense tech~4%~$8.5BNot tracked13%where we focusrobotics, plus AI-native businessesthat apply AI: not a tracked categoryH1 2026: OpenAI and Anthropic alone raised $217B, 43% of all startup funding on earth.Dotcom parallel: the winners were internet-native operators (Amazon, Netflix, Booking), not picks and shovels.Crunchbase / HumanX, 2025 AI funding; robotics (~$14B) and defense tech ($8.5B) are Crunchbase 2025 sector totals. A lot calls itself AI.

Where value goes · Q5 · the answer

The stealth company: the AI stays in the lab. The deliverable is a product or a license.

THE AI NEVER LEAVES THE BUILDINGThe AI labmodels and infra,inside the companyNew IPmade in the lab,owned by the companyThe deliverablea new product,or a license to the IPsold as software

Section 2 · block 2

What the physical world constrains

Physical constraints · Q6

Compute time to power

01 yr2 yrs3 yrs4 yrs5 yrs6 yrs7 yrsGrid interconnect3–7 yrs · avg ~5 yrs; 7+ in N. VirginiaHeavy-duty gas turbines, on site3–7 yrs · lead timesSolar + storage, on site1–3 yrsGas reciprocating engines, on site1–2 yrsFuel cells, on site2–4 months · as little as 90 daysOn-device / found powerdays· the extreme caseTime to power for new load, 2026 →Rabobank, The sprint (2026); JLL Global Data Center Outlook 2026. Green = a year or less; red = longer.

Physical constraints · Q6 · the answer

EVOLOH: few manufactured components, dropped anywhere with minimal construction.

FAST TO POWER, SO IT WINS THIS CYCLESolar, behind the meterintermittent by design,fastest to buildEVOLOH stackselectrolyzers builtto run on itHydrogen on siteno grid interconnectin the critical path3M pilotcommercial-scale,announced May 2026

Physical constraints · Q7

How do we reduce the cost of physical climate risk?

Reduces physical risk?What insurers charge: average US home insurance premium$1,1732015$1,5972021$2,6252025+124%in ten years2015: NAIC ($1,173). 2021, 2025: Newrez escrow dataon 1.2M mortgages. Two sources, one direction.Reduces recovery time?Hours without power, average US customer5.8 h20188.2 h20207 h20215.6 h202211 h2024~2xthe prior decade2024 is the most in a decade; 80% of it fromhurricanes. EIA, Today in Energy.

Physical constraints · Q7 · the answer

Fire Dome: take the physical risk out at the asset.

DISTRIBUTED: PROTECTION AT THE ASSET, NOT FROM A CENTRAL SYSTEMA property in fire countrythe risk the insureris pricingFire Domean autonomous retardantperimeter around itRisk removed at the siteno grid, no roads,no crew neededInsurable againthe premium, or thenon-renewal, changes

Physical constraints · Q8

Same El Niño, 29 years apart. The baseline moved. How do we act on warming?

Sea surface temperature anomaly, November 1997 vs September 2026: the same equatorial El Niño band, but in 2026 the whole Pacific runs warm

Sea surface temperature anomaly vs the 1991–2020 average. NOAA PSL OISST v2. In 1997 the warmth was the El Niño; in 2026 the El Niño sits on top of a warm ocean.

Physical constraints · Q8 · the answer

Thalo: the buyer pays for fewer truck rolls and a lower power bill. The carbon comes free.

SELLS WITHOUT THE WORD CARBONCommercial HVACleaks refrigerant,wastes powerThalotelemetry finds leaksand tracks energyThe buyer paysfor fewer truck rolls anda lower power billThe carbonrefrigerant and kWhsaved, for free

Physical constraints · Q9

What are we decoupling from, and why?

Source less from ChinaChina’s share of US goods importsCensus/BEA via Dallas Fed; CaixaBank21.6%201713.4%20249.5%2025Build more in the USFactories + data centers, $B/yrCensus; 2026 SAAR; 2021 DC est.$862021$2642024$2612025$2212026factoriesdata centersPrefer distributed assetsBehind-the-meter solar, GWEIA small-scale solar7.3201439.5202259.52025ElectrifyBattery storage, GWEIA, Today in Energy, Aug 20261.5202043.6202552Jun 2026

Physical constraints · Q9 · the answer

Future Motion: the winning side of reshoring.

DOMESTIC, ELECTRIFIEDDesigned and builtin the USOnewheel, Anticpremium products,premium marginsThe tarifflands on importedcompetitors firstMargin holdsthe shock is absorbed,not passed on

Section 2 · block 3

Who pays

Who pays · Q10

Who pays for decarbonization now, and which policy support lasts?

How our view changed2022: the IRA made a zero-emissions grid look inevitable.2025: policy support proved less durable than the plans built on it.First prizeA customer who pays becauseit is better, faster or cheaper.No policy needed.Second prizeA public buyer spendingits own budget.defense,public safetyutilities, localfederal grantsEverything else is upside, not the plan.

Who pays · Q10 · the answer

Sonic Fire: the buyer pays because the alternative costs more.

BETTER, FASTER, CHEAPERIndoor suppressionsprinkler water damage isoften worse than the fireHidden upgradesbigger municipal wateror on-site storageSonic Fireno water, no damage,no off-site upgradesTest any timeat no cost, so youknow it works

Who pays · Q11

Who is funding the build-out?

Hyperscaler capex, $B a yearAmazon, Microsoft, Alphabet, Meta$226B2024$410B2025$725B2026E10-year average: capex was ~40% of operating cash flow (UBS).2025 ~65%, 2026 ~90% (Epoch AI). The gap is now borrowed.What fills the gapBig five plus Oracle, bonds issued, $B$108B2025full year$220B2026to Aug 10Off balance sheetMoody’s estimate, 2025$2.8Tsame scale. The full baris 2.5 slides tall.2025leases, purchase deals, guarantees, SPVs8x since 2023 (Moody’s)Capex: company guidance compiled by ValueAddVC; bonds: BofA (2025), BNP Paribas via Reuters (2026); off-balance-sheet: Moody’s.

Who pays · Q11 · the answer

Waste*d: the lender underwrote the contracts, not the story.

WHAT A LENDER LOOKS ATContracted revenuecustomers onservice contractsA lenderunderwrites thecontracts and the assetsEquipment debt[$2.6M] againstporta potties and trucksEquity keptfor what onlyequity can fund

Who pays · Q12

What do exits look like when there are 8 megacorps?

Market cap of the 8 largest US companies, share of US GDP14%2005~$1.8TExxon, Microsoft, Citi…17%2015~$3.1TApple, Alphabet, Microsoft…80%2026~$26TMag 7 + SpaceXThe eight, Sep 2026 ($T)Nvidia5.4Apple4.9Alphabet4.2Microsoft3.8Amazon2.7SpaceX2.0listed Jun 12, 2026Meta1.8Tesla1.3Together ~$26T against ~$32.5T of GDP.The Mag 7 alone are ~34% of the S&P 500.Top 8 by year-end cap (2005, 2015; FinHacker / S&P); Sep 2026 caps rounded from S&P Global / CompaniesMarketCap; GDP: BEA Q2 2026 SAAR $32.5T. Approximate.

Who pays · Q12 · the answer

Revivn: raise less, and the whole market can afford you.

IN RANGE WITHOUT A MEGACORPLittle equity raisedprofitable; revenue,not rounds, funded growthNo premium neededthe cap table works ata cash-flow priceHundreds of buyersstrategics and PE in the$100M to $500M range, not eightraise to the mark, then wait for a megacorp

Under all of them · Q13

What is the right way to think about VC fundraising?

$1M$10M$100M$1B$10B04812162024years since foundingValuation, log scale. Dotted = no public mark. Dot size = equity raised to that point, indicative.Shaded = where it could be a few years out; the number is the top of the range.$2.3BA · shut down, year 9$1.8B$5BB~$200MC · under $10M$2B$10B~$500MD · ~$200M$1BEquity raised, guide:tens of $Ma few hundred $M$700M+PitchBook; Contrary; CB Insights; our marks. C and D marks approximate; projections are ranges, not forecasts.

How it changes how we invest

These questions are now our investment screen.

What changed

We took a year to rebuild how we underwrite. Every new company now has to pass the screen, one test per question.

The screen

  • Owns one of the five moats Q1
  • Earns attention in public, no paid acquisition Q2
  • Still works when intelligence is nearly free Q3
  • An ordinary team can run it Q4
  • Exit doesn't need AI-infra multiples Q5
  • Shortens time to power Q6
  • Works when the grid doesn't Q7
  • Sells without the word carbon Q8
  • Margin absorbs a tariff Q9
  • Someone pays with their own money today Q10
  • A lender would underwrite the revenue Q11
  • A premium buyer exists, or the cap table works at a cash-flow price Q12

Section 3

Why write a book now

Why write a book · 1

Too much focus on growth, not durability.

$1B$2B$3B$4B$5B$1B · where the "fastest to $1B" chart stops0246810121416years since foundingRevenue after the hockey stick, first 16 yearsPeloton −38%Fitbit −34%, soldZoom flat, ~3%/yrMiro −10%, soldAirtable still +20%/yrNvidia (1993 to 2009)SpaceX (2002 to 2018)10-K revenue (Peloton, Fitbit, Zoom, Nvidia); Miro and Airtable ARR, third-party estimates; SpaceX private, analyst estimates. Dotted = estimated.

Why write a book · 2

Impact doesn't work if companies become undead, or fail. We count about seven of our own, and most were avoidable.

Undeadsurvives; never worth more than it raisedValuation$$$$0preference stack · what was raisedwhere it tradesTalented people know they will not make money on the exit. They leave.Failfail is failValuation$$$$0Impact that shuts down is not impact.

Why write a book · 3

There doesn't seem to be much VC left for everyone else.

Global venture funding, $BAI, defense, and everything else. 2026 is one quarter.Everything elseDefenseAI$246Bdefense $2.7BAI $55B · 18%2023$201Bdefense $3BAI $110B · 35%2024$199Bdefense $9.6BAI $211B · 50%2025$49Bdefense ~$9BAI $242B · 81%Q1 2026Crunchbase. Defense = military, national security, law enforcement; Q1 2026 defense estimated from $14.6B through May. Defense may overlap AI tags.

Why write a book · 4

This isn't our idea. It's how companies were built before software was eating the world.

194019501960197019801990200020102020HP · 1939$538, a garageBose · 1964founder-fundedMicrosoft · 1975~$1M of VC, 1981Apple · 1976$250K angel, then a small roundOracle · 1977bootstrappedEpic Systems · 1979no outside capitalDell · 1984$1,000 to startGarmin · 1989founder-fundedDyson · 1991bank loansNvidia · 1993~$20M of VC before IPOMailchimp · 2001never raised; sold for $12BSpaceX · 2002founder capital, then NASA contractsAtlassian · 2002no VC until 20102011 · "Software is eatingthe world"after this, raise as much asyou can became the defaulthardwaresoftwareCustomer-funded and founder-funded to scale.

Why write a book · 5

AI changes what small teams can set out to do, and how much they need to do it.

To prove the idea, then~20 people for 18 months, about a $10M roundequity the proof needsTo prove the idea, now~6 people plus agents for 18 months, about $3Magents and skills as first hiresequity the proof needs: about a thirdIllustrative, fully loaded cost per person about $200K a year. The round is sized to the team, so the equity the proof needs falls with it.
Engraving of a platypus, printed in a single warm near-black ink.

Third Sphere · 2026

Speedstrap

A founder's playbook where VCs aren't the main characters.

Where this started · the story you know

The story you know: two funds, about $20M, an IPO at $600M.

FUNDING ROUNDS · AS CRUNCHBASE LISTS THEM~$20M venture · 3 roundsANNOUNCEDROUNDRAISEDINVESTORSVALUATIONJan 1993Seed$2MSequoia Capital, Sutter Hill Ventures$6M post1994 to 1998Follow-onto ~$20MSequoia Capital, Sutter Hill VenturesJan 1999IPO$42MNasdaq: NVDA~$600M

Where this started · the story you know

"If not for what Sega did for Nvidia, Nvidia would not be here today."

FUNDING ROUNDS · AS CRUNCHBASE LISTS THEM~$20M venture · 3 roundsANNOUNCEDROUNDRAISEDINVESTORSVALUATIONJan 1993Seed$2MSequoia Capital, Sutter Hill Ventures$6M post1994 to 1998Follow-onto ~$20MSequoia Capital, Sutter Hill VenturesJan 1999IPO$42MNasdaq: NVDA~$600MWHAT CRUNCHBASE MISSES1996Sega$5MConverted a contract payment into equity.Became the largest investor.1996TSMCa fabNo fabs of its own, so Huang wrote toMorris Chang, who called back himself.1997CustomersrevenueRIVA 128: a million units in four monthspaid for the next chip.

Plan A isn't Series A

It's not a typo. Seedstrap and speedstrap both say Plan A isn't Series A. They diverge on what they will spend.

SeedstrapSpeedstrapRetained earnings, sometimesventure debtAll of that, plus customers, corporate partners, grants,RBF, supply-chain finance, asset-backed creditOne round, then never againPre-Seed, Seed. Series A is optional, and only from strengthSmall by designCan be large, but mostly not equityMostly peopleEquipment, fleets, permits, inventoryThrift; margin absorbs mistakesThrift plus a high-resolution cash simulationBreakevenRevenue that qualifies you for non-dilutive capital, andpartners and customers doing moreDilution and the round treadmillGrowth VC failure modes, and forgetting the other sources,especially non-dilutive, well-aligned capital

Five edges

Five edges. A ring, not a hierarchy.

The five edges of speedstrapping arranged as a ring around a sea star.

Four parts, fifteen chapters

Four parts, fifteen chapters.

PART IFoundationPART IIBuilding PatternsPART IIIEarly LessonsPART IVInvestingEPILOGUE

Six companies, close up

We learned from our founders. Now you can too.

COMPANYTHE MOVERevivnEnd-of-life enterprise ITBuys client hardware outright and captures the resale. Turneddown a larger round at the same price.Future MotionOnewheel and the Antic minibikeCrowdfunded the first run. Full prepayment on pre-orders,onshore contract manufacturing on sixty-day terms.CycleeBike subscriptions for ridersSale-and-leaseback keeps the fleet off the balance sheet. Boughta competitor out of the leaseback proceeds.Dutch LionVertical growing systemsPays for distribution in margin instead of equity. No shares, noboard seat, deliberately no exclusivity.Wasted*Nutrient recovery from wasteBuilt the collection network as a paying business first, thenfinanced the equipment against trucks and tanks.Swell CycleLarge-format 3D printingContract fabrication funds the process development. The customerpays for each repetition.

For GPs

Efficiency buys the other half of the cycle.

MARKS RISINGWINDOW SHUTModest dilution, clean stackreal margins; the price a buyer can reachRound-linked×No round neededM&Asellable straight throughOver-capitalizedits own price and preference stackRound-linked×No round needed×M&A×no up round · no bid · no sale

For LPs

We don't know what share of companies will be built this way. It is already part of the mix, and it is working.

Value at year 3, by scenarioAbase caseBupsideCdownsidecostspeedstrappedraise as muchas you canIllustrative shape, not a forecast. Your portfolio is scored this way on the fund slides.

The book

A limited edition copy today. Everyone else on launch day.

TodayWe might even have a limitededition copy for you in the room.LaunchKindle and print. November 8speedstrapbook.comTell your agent to remind you to gift a copy to your favorite founder.

Questions

Speedstrapping · AGM, October 8, 2026 · v1.20 · Made by Third Sphere & Claude Fable 5.1